Samuel wright



(No Model.) 1 2 Sheets-Shem 1'.

,S. WRIGHT. MACHINE FOR TURNING 0R SHAPING THE HEADS 0]? CASH. No.477,039. Patented June 14, 1892.

(No'ModelJ 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. S. WRIGHT. MACHINE FOR TURNING OR SHAPINGTHE HEADS 0F GASKS. No. 477,039.

PatentedJune 14, 1892.

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UNITED STATES I PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL VVRIGIIT, OF GLASGOl/V, SCOTLAND, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF, JAMESMUIR, AND \VILLIAM BOYD, OF SAME PLACE.

MACHINE FOR TURNING OR SHAPING THE HEADS OF CASKS.

I SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 477,039, dated June14, 1892. Application filed April 21, 1890- Serial No. 348,88'7- (Nomodel.) Patented in England January 14, 1888, No. 612; in. Germany May8,1888, No. 45,899: in France August 24, 1888, N0. January2,1889,N0.8,778.

T all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL WRIGHT, machinist, a subject of the Queen ofGreat Britain and Ireland, residing at 96 Buchanan Street, Glasgow, inthe county of Lanark, Scotland,have invented an Improved Machine for theTurning or Shaping of the Heads or Ends of Casks, Barrels, and otherLike Articles, of which the following is a specification.

Patents have been obtained for said invention in Great Britain, No. 612,dated January 14, 1888; in France, No. 192,570, dated August 24, 1888;in Belgium, No. 83,009, dated August 25, 1888; in Spain, No. 8,778,dated January 2, 1889, and in Germany, No. 45,899, dated May 8, 1888.

Mysaid invention has reference to a new or improved construction ofmachine or combination of the parts thereof for the turning or theshaping of the heads or ends of casks, barrels, box-barrels, hogsheads,and other like articles which is more simple in construction andefficient in action than machines heretofore in use for this purpose;and in order to enable others skilled in the art to which my inventionrelates to understand how it may be carried into effect or practice Ihave hereunto appended two explanatory sheets of drawings, in which thesame reference-letters are used to indicate corresponding parts in allthe figures where shown.

Figure 1 on Sheet 1 is an elevation of my new or improved constructionof machine or combination of mechanism for turning or shaping the headsor endsXof casks, barrels,

and other like articles; and Fig. 2 is a corre- 192,570; in BelgiumAugust 25,1888, No. 83,009, and in Spain tional plan, respectively, ofthe concave saw I and cutters 2' z and part of their driving spindle Idetached, to a large scale, to show the details more clearly than in thegeneral views of the machine, Figs. 1 to 3; and Figs. 6,7, and 8 showplan views of the table-disks D D for receiving the wood boards X to becut into heads or ends of barrels or box-barrels, the edges of whichform guides for shaping them to the round, oval, or square shape, withrounded corners, respectively. Figs. 9 and 10 show an elevation andplan, rcspeot- 6o ively, of a modified form of the duplex slideframe andhead-stock for carrying the cutterspindles I b, all secured on the topof the main frame A A, especially applicable for formingirregular-shaped heads X, as oval, or rectangular with rounded corners,as indicated in Figs. 7 and 8, respectively; and Fig.

11 shows an end view of the cutter-head I I and cutters i of the lowerspindleI, employed in this case instead of the saw I, used ya for makinground heads X, as indicated in Fig. 6.

Referring to the drawings, the improved machine is constructed of strongopen-side frames A A, strongly secured together by rails A at theiropposite ends, with a guideslide table plate orframe A bolted on the topof these frames A A at the back end, all at or near a height convenientfor persons to apply and secure the roughly-prepared pieces of board orwood X to the machine and remove them when cut and turned or finished atthe front end. The roughlyprepared boards X, with their edges jointedand scored to suit each other or previously grooved or doweled, asdesired, are mounted and secured horizontally on the top of the flatcircular disk or plate D with bored eye or boss D, preferably with sharpspikes or screws with points (Z on the top to hold the pieces X in theposition they are set. This holding and turning disk D and boss D ismounted and secured by a pinching-screw d on the upper end of a verticalor angular rotating spindle E in bush-bearings E in the upper and 95,lower ends of a horizontal oscillating or reciprocating vertical frame Eand adjusted to a proper height by a center-screw spindle E", secured ina bracket to the lower arm of the oscillating frame E and fulcrumed tooscillate, preferably, on center-screw spindles e in brackets e, screwedto the upper and lower ends of the one-side frame A. This spindle E andits disk D D, with the Wood X on it to be dressed to the circular orother form of the cask-head, is actuated to be turned at a slow speed,preferably by a screw spur-wheel F, secured near the lower end of thespindle E, gearing into the screw F on the horizontal shaft F carried inthe bearing-brackets F bolted to the lower part of the back main frame Aand driven nearly at right angles to a line through the axial centers 6e of the rocking frame E carrying the rotating spindle E and actuated atdifferent slow speeds through the screw-shaft F from the first-motionshaft of the machine or any counterintermediate shaft, as G, (showncarried in bush-bearing standards G from the floor 5,) some distancebehind the main frame A A of the machine, so that when the wheel F onthe spindle E with its frame E is shifted or oscillated forward intogear with the screw F it is turned, and when reciprocated outward isstopped for the taking off of the finished heads X and putting on of newwood. This oscillating or reciprocating frame E is moved to and from acircular concave saw I and cutters 2' t', hereinafterdescribed, forshaping the head X, secured on its rotating spindle E by hand or theback arm E Different sized and shaped disk boss-heads D would be screwedon the top of the vertical spindle E to suit the size and shape of headsX of casks, as indicated in Figs. 6, 7, and 8, being formed or fittedeach with sharp points or spikes (Z, projecting above their uppersurface for securing of the wood X, and the edges of the rings D mayform the templet for guiding the cutter, as hereinafter described, andseparate rings may be fitted below for raising the fin ished wood offthe spikes or points d. The wood X would be held down on these spikes (lby a disk f, or it might be a cross-bar or other equivalent mountedloose by a boss on the lower point of a screwspindle f with hand-wheelf"above in line with the axis of the shaft E below, mounted through abowarm or bracket f secured in the back arm or lever E of theoscillating frame F carrying the vertical spindle E on the opposite sideto the saw I and cutters i 2', and which I term the head spindle E. Thescrew-shaft F is turned at different slow speeds by an open belt g, pased over large stepped pulleys g, on it, and over corresponding steppedsmall pulleys g on the first-motion counter-shaft G, which is drivenfrom any convenient motive shaft of the works bythe belt G", passed overfast and loose pulleys G on one end of the shaft G, fitted withshifting-belt fork G' and slide hand-rod G The cutting and shapingmechanism consists of a moving open rectangular vertical frame B withright angle or horizontal and vertical webs or plate-slides B B ',theformer 13 working in the guide-slides A A on the top of the frames A Aand carrying the bearings I of the lower cutter-spindle I with the saw Ion it and also a corresponding upper spindle b of a rotating knife,planing or cutting head, and cutters I), carried in the bearings b ofthe vertical slide-frame B mounted in the vertical guide-slides B,carried and shifted and set by the screw-spindle and handwheel B at topon this frame B B, which I term the tool-cutting head-stock B to Bconstructed and actuated all as hereinafter described. This upperspindle b and its cutters and cutter-head b are shown detached, to alarge scale, in end and plan view, respectively, in Fig. 3 to show theirconstruction more clearly than can be seen in Figs. 1 to 3. Thisright-angled framed head-stock B to B 1 carries the spindle I of the sawI and cutters i and the spindle b of the rotating planer or cutter b,the former I a little below the horizontal line of the holding-plate Dof the wood head X, which the saw I has to cut and shape round the edge,and that of thelatterbhigher up and behind the spindle I of the saw I toclear this and allow its cutting-knives b and boss to turn or dress theupper face edge of the wood head as the saw I and its cutters i shape itto the required size and thickness at its edge and under side for roundheads and work just clear of and beyond the saw I, both spindles I I)being mounted nearly horizontal and parallel to each other and to theirwood X to be cut is effected by the screwspindle C, with hand-wheel 0'outside mounted in the journal-bracket C and nut C below its bed-slide B(similar to that of the slide-rests of turning-lathes.) to suit thedifferent-sized barrel-head X to be cut. slide-reciprocatingcutting-head stock B B supported on the bed A carries the long journalbush-bearing I of the rotating and reciprocating spindle I of thecircular saw I, which is secured on the front screwed end or boss I bythe gripping-boss I' of the cutters 'i i,

' or it might be by a collar and a screw nut or nuts.

so that when it is traversed forward by its The saw I is concave on itsfrontside,

spindle I in its bearings 1 or with the slide carrying these to theproper distance or radius from the vertical spindle E, carrying'thejointed wood boards X, the saw I cuts these The said tangentially at ornear the level of its axistoa round shape, or it might be ovalor othershape desired, while or according as the headspindle E and disk D areslowly rotated in re-' lation to the position the saw I isfrom thespindle E while cutting by the screw-wheel F and screw F, all as willhereinafter be described, and the front end boss I, which secures thesaw I, would in some cases have cutting-knives 'i t on it, so as todress or bevel the under face of the wood head X close to and just asthe edge is cut by the saw I. The saw-spindle I is turned at a very highspeed by a small band-pulley c on it, actuated by a band 0 from a largerbroad pulley c on the first-motion or counter shaft G of the machine forthe purpose. The said driving-band 0 allows the spindle I of the saw Ito be traversed to some extent in its bearings I by a slide guide or rodh, fitted in guides h on the frame B. This guide It has a gab-arm orcross-head 72., taking into a collar-boss secured on the back end of thespindle I, so as to shift and hold the spindle according as theslide-guide h is actuated. This sliderod 71 is traversed automaticallyin one direction by the bell-crank lever II H, fulcrumed at H, and aweight H or it might be a spring, and has a lateral guide-arm 7L2,

secured on its forward end in front of the saw I, made to rub, or itmight be rolled by a small roller on the edge of the disk D under thewood X as a templet, or it might be a guide or dummy pattern securedunder the disk or the Wood to be cut, (and retain and move the spindle Iin the opposite direction to that in which the weighted lever H movesit,) and to the round, oval, rectangular, or other shape or contour thewood orhead X of the cask or barrel is desired to be cut by the saw I,as indicated at D and in dotted lines at X in Figs. 6, 7, and 8, and bealso simultaneously beveled or chamfered on the top to finish the edgeto the desired thickness to enter and fit the chime-groove of the caskor barrel, all as will hereinafter be described. The said beveling ofthe upper side or surface of wood X to reduce its edge to the desiredthickness, just as it has been cut to the proper shape by the saw I, iseffected by a tapered or conoidal rotating boss-head, with cuttingknives or blades I) screwed or secured on it, and secured. on the frontend of the second fast-rotating spindle I), carried horizontally inbearing-blocks b on the vertical slide-plate or open frame B mounted inangled-edge or dovetailed guides 13" in the vertical side plate 15' ofthe rectangular head-stock B,traversed in the slides A of the top bedand carrying the saw-spindle I on its vertical plate B, as beforedescribed. The spindle Z) of these rotating cutters Z) is actuated byasmall band pulley b and band b from the pulley C on the first'motion orcounter shaft G, all as described in reference to the spindle I of thesaw I, and so that its spindle b may be traversed to and fro in itshearings in the same manner as the saw-spindle I is shifted and beeffected by the same automatic slide-bar h and cross-head h", with anadjustable collar ,or slot connection at h, to be able to set the onemore or less distant from the sawI to suit the thickness and diameter ofthe head or ends X of the casks and the best cutting position, and bothactuated in one direction against the action of the templet-lever 71 bythe bell-crank weighted lever H II H all as before described.

Although the longitudinal shifting and setting of the spindle I of thesaw I andthe spindle l) of the rotating planer or cutters b have beendescribed as effected automatically against the action of a weight orspring by the edges of the disks D or equivalent dummy-shaping patternrotating on the vertical spindle E, carrying the jointed wood boards Xto be cut, this is notnecessary in many cases, as the two spindles I bcan be set and fixed in their relative position to each otherlongitudinally, and have their carrying headstock B set and held in itsslide-guides by its moving screw or equivalent lever-gear for the saw Iand cutters i and b to form and finish the wood X tothe desired size ofround heads or ends of the casks or barrels when these are being made. 1

Referring to Figs. 9 to 11 for forming irregular-shaped heads, such asfor oval or rectangular heads X, with rounded corners, as indicated inFigs. 7 and 8, it is preferred to mount the upper horizontal spindle Z)and its cutters and cutter-head b, Fig; 3 in its vertical slideframe Bin front of the vertical slide-guide frame B and right over the lowercutter-spintile 1. and both radially to the axis of the spindle E andboss-head D D,carrying the head X, as shown in these two Figs. 9 and 10,to cut the head and wood X tangentially at the same point or curve ofthe head, as seen in Fig. 10, and preferably dispense with the saw I andhave special cutters 'i, as indicated in Fig. 11, which would bevel theunder edge of the wood X and cut the thin edge through to meet the bevelformed on the top by the cutters and boss I) of the spindle Z1.

What I claim is 1. In a machine for turning or shaping the heads or endsof casks or other like articles, the combination of an oscillatinghead-carrying frame with a traversing head-stock consisting of an openrectangular frame B with horizontal and vertical slides B B carrying thebearings 1* b of the rotating and reciproeating spindles Z Z) of theadjustable sawl and planing or cutting knives i i and b, as and for thepurpose set forth.

2. In a,.,1nachine for turning or shaping the heads of casks, thecombination of an adj ust-- able head-stock carrying reciprocatingrotating spindles, with cutters and saws mounted thereon, and with anoscillating frame provided with a rotating vertical spindle carrying atits upper end a retaining-disk to hold the head to be formed, wherebythe head may be brought to the saws tangentially, substantially as setforth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my I name to this specification inthe presence of 7 two subscribing witnesses.

SAMUEL WRIGHT.

Witnesses:

JOHN SIME, R. O. THOMSON.

